Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT01:30

Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT

1.7K
Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and...
1.7K
X-ray Imaging01:24

X-ray Imaging

11.1K
German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
11.1K
Nuclear Power02:36

Nuclear Power

9.9K
Controlled nuclear fission reactions are used to generate electricity. Any nuclear reactor that produces power via the fission of uranium or plutonium by bombardment with neutrons has six components: nuclear fuel consisting of fissionable material, a nuclear moderator, a neutron source, control rods, reactor coolant, and a shield and containment system.
Nuclear Fuels
Nuclear fuel consists of a fissile isotope, such as uranium-235, which must be present in sufficient quantity to provide a...
9.9K
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray01:20

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray

689
The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
689
Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan01:13

Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan

672
Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...
672
Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI01:14

Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI

1.3K
Introduction: MRI and CT scans are crucial advancements in medical imaging techniques, playing a vital role in diagnosing conditions related to the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Each scan serves distinct purposes, targets specific areas, and requires unique nursing duties.
Description of the Procedures
Computed Tomography (CT) scan:
Computed Tomography (CT) scans use X-ray technology to generate detailed images of bones, organs, and tissues. During the scan, the patient lies on a moving table...
1.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Benchmarking Doses to Inform Optimization of Radiological Protection for Verification Imaging in Radiation Therapy.

International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics·2026
Same author

Precise Orientational Control of Electroactive Units Using a Tripodal Triptycene Scaffold to Direct Noncovalent Pairing at the Single Molecular Level.

Precision chemistry·2025
Same author

Report from the IRPA task group on awareness of tissue reactions in the eye lens, cardiovascular system and skin.

Journal of radiological protection : official journal of the Society for Radiological Protection·2025
Same author

Room-Temperature Inversion of Phosphorescence and Fluorescence Emission Triggered in Twisted Dimeric Structures Displaying Excitonic Coupling.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2025
Same author

Evaluating the Utilization of the National Cancer Institute Computed Tomography Program for Calculating Size-specific Dose Estimate and Effective Dose in Computed Tomography in Thai Pediatric Patients.

Journal of medical physics·2025
Same author

A strategy for achieving optimisation of radiological protection in digital radiology proposed by ICRP.

Journal of radiological protection : official journal of the Society for Radiological Protection·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition
06:20

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Published on: March 11, 2021

7.9K

Radiation shielding for diagnostic radiology.

Colin J Martin1

  • 1Department of Clinical Physics and Bio-engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK colin.j.martin@ntlworld.com.

Radiation Protection Dosimetry
|March 28, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scattered radiation is a major part of stray radiation around X-ray units. Its levels, linked to patient dose, can be estimated and used to determine necessary shielding for medical imaging facilities.

More Related Videos

Radiotracer Administration for High Temporal Resolution Positron Emission Tomography of the Human Brain: Application to FDG-fPET
09:03

Radiotracer Administration for High Temporal Resolution Positron Emission Tomography of the Human Brain: Application to FDG-fPET

Published on: October 22, 2019

11.1K
Dosimetry for Cell Irradiation using Orthovoltage 40-300 kV X-Ray Facilities
06:51

Dosimetry for Cell Irradiation using Orthovoltage 40-300 kV X-Ray Facilities

Published on: February 20, 2021

5.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition
06:20

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Published on: March 11, 2021

7.9K
Radiotracer Administration for High Temporal Resolution Positron Emission Tomography of the Human Brain: Application to FDG-fPET
09:03

Radiotracer Administration for High Temporal Resolution Positron Emission Tomography of the Human Brain: Application to FDG-fPET

Published on: October 22, 2019

11.1K
Dosimetry for Cell Irradiation using Orthovoltage 40-300 kV X-Ray Facilities
06:51

Dosimetry for Cell Irradiation using Orthovoltage 40-300 kV X-Ray Facilities

Published on: February 20, 2021

5.7K

Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiological Protection
  • Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

  • Scattered radiation constitutes the primary component of stray radiation fields surrounding X-ray equipment.
  • The magnitude of scatter is directly correlated with the incident radiation dose to the patient.
  • Established factors link patient dose metrics, like kerma-area product, to scattered radiation levels in radiography and fluoroscopy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify scattered radiation levels in diagnostic imaging modalities.
  • To establish methods for estimating shielding requirements based on radiation dose metrics.
  • To address tertiary scatter considerations in computed tomography (CT).

Main Methods:

  • Estimating scattered radiation from patient dose quantities (kerma-area product, dose-length product).
  • Utilizing established factors to correlate patient dose with scattered radiation levels.
  • Comparing calculated radiation levels with dose criteria, considering area occupancy, to determine transmission requirements.
  • Calculating required shielding material thicknesses using established equations.

Main Results:

  • Scattered radiation levels are quantifiable and linked to patient dose metrics.
  • Shielding requirements can be determined by comparing calculated radiation levels to dose criteria.
  • Tertiary scatter from ceilings is a consideration for CT due to higher radiation levels.

Conclusions:

  • Scattered radiation estimation is crucial for effective radiological protection.
  • Shielding design can be systematically approached using dose metrics and transmission requirements.
  • Specific considerations for scatter, such as tertiary scatter in CT, are necessary for comprehensive radiation safety.