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Related Concept Videos

Fixation and Sectioning01:03

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Two basic types of preparation are used to visualize specimens with a light microscope: wet mounts and fixed specimens.
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Nails are one of the important accessory structures of the skin. They are hard, protective structures that cover the dorsal surface of the distal phalanges of fingers and toes. Nails are composed of specialized keratinized cells and serve various functions, including protection, sensation, and manual dexterity.
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Updated: Apr 15, 2026

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How to submit a nail specimen.

Erica Reinig1, Phoebe Rich2, Curtis T Thompson3

  • 1Department of Pathology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA.

Dermatologic Clinics
|April 2, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Proper nail unit biopsy submission protocols are scarce, leading to processing challenges. This study details methods for improved nail biopsy handling and slide preparation, enhancing diagnostic accuracy.

Keywords:
BiopsyCassetteFormalinHistologyMicroscopyOrientationSectioningTissue

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatopathology
  • Histotechnology

Background:

  • Nail unit biopsies often lack standardized submission protocols, leading to fragmentation and poor orientation.
  • Inadequate specimen processing results in suboptimal tissue embedding and difficult-to-interpret histologic sections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe standardized methods for nail matrix/bed biopsy and plate submission.
  • To address challenges in processing nail unit biopsy specimens for improved histologic evaluation.

Main Methods:

  • Implementing inking of biopsy specimens for orientation.
  • Submitting tissue on a diagram of the nail to indicate location.
  • Employing a technique to ensure nail plate adherence to glass slides.

Main Results:

  • The described methods facilitate proper specimen orientation and embedding.
  • Improved histologic sections enhance interpretability of nail unit biopsies.
  • A novel technique addresses the challenge of nail plate adherence to slides.

Conclusions:

  • Standardized protocols for nail unit biopsy submission are crucial for accurate diagnosis.
  • The presented methods improve specimen handling, processing, and slide preparation.
  • These techniques offer solutions to common laboratory challenges in nail biopsy analysis.