Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:13

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

15.1K
Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
15.1K
Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

4.1K
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
4.1K
Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:24

Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

9.6K
Introduction
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
9.6K
Reduction of Benzene to Cyclohexane: Catalytic Hydrogenation01:28

Reduction of Benzene to Cyclohexane: Catalytic Hydrogenation

6.6K
Unlike the easy catalytic hydrogenation of an alkene double bond, hydrogenation of a benzene double bond under similar reaction conditions does not take place easily. For example, in the reduction of stilbene, the benzene ring remains unaffected while the alkene bond gets reduced. Hydrogenation of an alkene double bond is exothermic and a favorable process. In contrast, to hydrogenate the first unsaturated bond of benzene, an energy input is needed; that is, the process is endothermic. This is...
6.6K
Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds: Reduction02:23

Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds: Reduction

13.3K
Reduction is a simple strategy to convert a carbonyl group to a hydroxyl group. The three major pathways to reduce carbonyls to alcohols are catalytic hydrogenation, hydride reduction, and borane reduction.
Catalytic hydrogenation is similar to the reduction of an alkene or alkyne by adding H2 across the pi bond in the presence of transition metal catalysts like Raney Ni, Pd–C, Pt, or Ru. Aldehydes and ketones can be reduced by this method, often under mild to moderate heat...
13.3K
Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride01:26

Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride

2.4K
Radical substitution reactions can be used to remove functional groups from molecules. The hydrogenolysis of alkyl halides is one such reaction, where the weak Sn–H bond in tributyltin hydride reacts with alkyl halides to form alkanes. Here, the reagent Bu3SnH yields tributyltin halide as a byproduct.
The bonds formed in this reaction are stronger than the bonds broken, making it energetically favorable. The reaction follows a radical chain mechanism similar to radical halogenation...
2.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Sampling strategy and climatic implication of tree-ring cellulose oxygen isotopes of Hippophae tibetana and Abies georgei on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau.

International journal of biometeorology·2017
Same author

Construction of Individual Morphological Brain Networks with Multiple Morphometric Features.

Frontiers in neuroanatomy·2017
Same author

N-Monomethylation of amines using paraformaldehyde and H<sub>2</sub>.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2017
Same author

Isointense Infant Brain Segmentation by Stacked Kernel Canonical Correlation Analysis.

Patch-based techniques in medical imaging : First International Workshop, Patch-MI 2015, held in conjunction with MICCAI 2015, Munich, Germany, October 9, 2015, revised selected papers. Patch-MI (Workshop) (1st : 2015 : Munich, Germany)·2017
Same author

Diffuse lesion and necrosis tied to poorer prognosis of interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma: cases report and a pooled analysis.

Scientific reports·2017
Same author

Protein Regulator of Cytokinesis PRC1 Confers Chemoresistance and Predicts an Unfavorable Postoperative Survival of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients.

Journal of Cancer·2017

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Versatile CO2 Transformations into Complex Products: A One-pot Two-step Strategy
07:36

Versatile CO2 Transformations into Complex Products: A One-pot Two-step Strategy

Published on: November 9, 2019

8.5K

Carbon-catalysed reductive hydrogen atom transfer reactions.

Huimin Yang1, Xinjiang Cui2, Xingchao Dai1

  • 11] State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.18, Tianshui Middle Road, Lanzhou 730000, China [2] University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A, Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China.

Nature Communications
|April 3, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces novel carbon catalysts for transition metal-free borrowing-hydrogen reactions, demonstrating their effectiveness in alcohol amination and nitro compound reduction. These reusable catalysts highlight a promising alternative for sustainable chemical synthesis.

More Related Videos

Synthesis of Antiviral Tetrahydrocarbazole Derivatives by Photochemical and Acid-catalyzed C-H Functionalization via Intermediate Peroxides CHIPS
06:34

Synthesis of Antiviral Tetrahydrocarbazole Derivatives by Photochemical and Acid-catalyzed C-H Functionalization via Intermediate Peroxides CHIPS

Published on: June 20, 2014

14.5K
Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes
12:08

Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes

Published on: June 24, 2022

4.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Versatile CO2 Transformations into Complex Products: A One-pot Two-step Strategy
07:36

Versatile CO2 Transformations into Complex Products: A One-pot Two-step Strategy

Published on: November 9, 2019

8.5K
Synthesis of Antiviral Tetrahydrocarbazole Derivatives by Photochemical and Acid-catalyzed C-H Functionalization via Intermediate Peroxides CHIPS
06:34

Synthesis of Antiviral Tetrahydrocarbazole Derivatives by Photochemical and Acid-catalyzed C-H Functionalization via Intermediate Peroxides CHIPS

Published on: June 20, 2014

14.5K
Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes
12:08

Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes

Published on: June 24, 2022

4.2K

Area of Science:

  • Catalysis
  • Materials Science
  • Organic Chemistry

Background:

  • Transition metal catalysts are typically used in borrowing-hydrogen reactions.
  • Carbon-based materials, like graphene, have shown catalytic activity but not for alcohol amination via borrowing-hydrogen.
  • A need exists for efficient, metal-free catalysts for these transformations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and investigate novel carbon catalysts for transition metal-free borrowing-hydrogen reactions.
  • To explore the catalytic potential of carbon materials in alcohol amination and nitro compound/ketone reduction.
  • To identify the active sites and key properties of these carbon catalysts.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation and characterization of carbon catalysts using XPS, XRD, SEM, FT-IR, and N2 adsorption-desorption.
  • Evaluation of catalytic performance in alcohol amination and nitro compound/ketone reduction.
  • Assessment of catalyst reusability and stability.

Main Results:

  • Carbon catalysts were successfully prepared and characterized.
  • The C=O group on the carbon surface was identified as a potential active site.
  • High surface area was found to be crucial for high catalytic activity.
  • Catalytic activity remained stable after multiple reuse cycles.

Conclusions:

  • Carbon materials can serve as effective catalysts for transition metal-free borrowing-hydrogen reactions.
  • The presence of C=O groups and high surface area are key factors for catalytic efficiency.
  • This work presents a sustainable and reusable catalytic system for important organic transformations.