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Related Concept Videos

Theories of Dissolution: The Danckwerts' Model and Interfacial Barrier Model01:09

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Various dissolution theories provide insight into the factors that influence the dissolution rate. Danckwerts' Model suggests that turbulence, rather than a stagnant layer, characterizes the dissolution medium at the solid-liquid interface. In this model, the agitated solvent contains macroscopic packets that move to the interface via eddy currents, facilitating the absorption and delivery of the drug to the bulk solution. The regular replenishment of solvent packets maintains the...
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The various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance are examples of cohesive forces. The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. However, the molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted only by about one-half as many molecules. Because of the unbalanced molecular attractions on the surface molecules, liquids contract to form a shape that minimizes the number...
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Surface tension is a fundamental property of fluids, occurring at the boundary between a liquid and a gas or between two immiscible liquids. This phenomenon arises from the cohesive forces between molecules at the fluid's surface, creating an effect similar to a stretched elastic membrane. Inside each fluid, molecules are equally attracted in all directions by neighboring molecules, but surface molecules experience a net inward force, resulting in surface tension.
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Various dissolution methods are utilized to assess a drug’s dissolution rate, including the flow-through cell, paddle-over-disk, cylinder, and reciprocating disk methods.The flow-through cell apparatus (USP (United States Pharmacopeia) method 4) comprises a reservoir for the dissolution medium and a pump that propels the medium through the cell containing the test sample. This method is crucial for assessing modified-release dosage forms with minimally soluble active ingredients,...
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Preparation and High-temperature Anti-adhesion Behavior of a Slippery Surface on Stainless Steel
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Stick-jump mode in surface droplet dissolution.

Erik Dietrich, E Stefan Kooij, Xuehua Zhang1

  • 1§School of Civil, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|April 4, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new "stick-jump" dissolution mode for small droplets was discovered, differing from known evaporation behaviors. This finding explains why this phenomenon is observed in microscale droplets but not larger ones.

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Surface droplet evaporation and dissolution are crucial phenomena in various scientific and industrial applications.
  • Existing models describe droplet behavior using constant contact angle, constant contact radius, and stick-slide modes.
  • The behavior of microscale droplets on substrates, especially during dissolution, is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the analogy between surface droplet evaporation in air and dissolution in liquid.
  • To identify and characterize novel modes of droplet dissolution.
  • To develop theoretical predictions for dissolution times and explain the scale-dependence of observed phenomena.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental investigation of long-chain alcohol droplet dissolution on supposedly smooth substrates.
  • Comparison of experimental data with theoretical models.
  • Analysis of droplet dynamics, focusing on contact line behavior and intermittent pinning.

Main Results:

  • Identification of a fourth dissolution mode, termed the 'stick-jump' mode, characterized by intermittent contact line pinning.
  • Experimental data confirm the existence of the stick-jump mode for small droplets.
  • The study provides a theoretical framework to predict dissolution times in the stick-jump mode.

Conclusions:

  • The stick-jump mode represents a previously unrecognized mechanism governing small droplet dissolution.
  • Intermittent contact line pinning is the key factor driving the stick-jump behavior.
  • The observed scale-dependence is explained by the prevalence of stick-jump phenomena in microscale droplets compared to larger ones.