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Microstructural effects of Ramadan fasting on the brain: a diffusion tensor imaging study.

Ayse Ahsen Bakan1, Seyma Yıldız, Alpay Alkan

  • 1Department of Radiology, Bezmialem Vakıf University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. ahsen80@hotmail.com.

Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (Ankara, Turkey)
|April 4, 2015
PubMed
Summary

A three-week Ramadan fast caused brain microstructural changes, detectable by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). These brain changes during fasting normalized post-fasting, suggesting DTI can visualize fasting-induced brain alterations.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Radiology
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Ramadan fasting involves prolonged periods without food or drink.
  • Understanding the physiological effects of fasting on the brain is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate microstructural brain changes following a three-week Ramadan fasting period.
  • To assess the utility of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in detecting these changes.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study involving a fasting group and a control group (25 volunteers each).
  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to measure apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) values.
  • Measurements were taken during fasting (phase 1) and after fasting (phase 2) for the study group.

Main Results:

  • Lower ADC values were observed in the hypothalamus and insula during fasting (phase 1) compared to post-fasting (phase 2) and controls.
  • Lower FA values were noted in the amygdala, middle temporal cortex, thalamus, and medial prefrontal cortex during fasting.
  • Post-fasting (phase 2) ADC and FA values in the study group did not significantly differ from the control group.

Conclusions:

  • A three-week Ramadan fasting period induces detectable microstructural brain changes.
  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is effective in visualizing these fasting-induced alterations.
  • Identifying affected brain regions aids in understanding eating disorder pathophysiology and diagnostic imaging.