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Perspectives on glenohumeral joint contractures and shoulder dysfunction in children with perinatal brachial plexus

Idris S Gharbaoui1, Gloria R Gogola2, Dorit H Aaron3

  • 1Fondren Orthopedic Group, 7401 South Main St, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Journal of Hand Therapy : Official Journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists
|April 4, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Perinatal brachial plexus palsy (PBPP) in children often leads to challenging shoulder joint deformities. This review covers glenohumeral contractures, scapular issues, and imaging for PBPP shoulder problems.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Orthopedics
  • Neuromuscular Disorders
  • Biomechanical Analysis

Background:

  • Shoulder joint deformities present significant challenges in managing pediatric upper plexus lesions.
  • Perinatal brachial plexus palsy (PBPP) is increasingly understood to specifically impact the glenohumeral joint.
  • Abnormal scapulothoracic movements are recognized as compensatory adaptations in PBPP.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology and assessment of glenohumeral joint contractures in PBPP.
  • To examine the progression of scapular dyskinesia and skeletal dysplasia associated with PBPP.
  • To discuss current shoulder imaging techniques utilized for PBPP assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on pediatric brachial plexus palsy.
  • Analysis of biomechanical changes in the shoulder joint and scapulothoracic region.
  • Evaluation of diagnostic imaging modalities for shoulder deformities.

Main Results:

  • PBPP directly affects glenohumeral joint structure and function.
  • Scapular dyskinesia and skeletal dysplasia are common secondary developments.
  • Various imaging techniques aid in characterizing these deformities.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding glenohumeral joint involvement is crucial for effective PBPP treatment.
  • Comprehensive assessment including scapular dynamics and skeletal changes is necessary.
  • Appropriate imaging selection optimizes diagnostic accuracy for shoulder deformities in PBPP.

Keywords:
Brachial plexusGlenohumeral anglesPerinatal brachial plexus palsyScapular dyskinesiaShoulder contracture

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