Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 20, 2026
09:07
Mouse Footpad Inoculation Model to Study Viral-Induced Neuroinflammatory Responses
Published on: June 14, 2020
Routes of Spread and Natural Progression in Acute Flaccid Myelitis
Amanda Stutman1, Alexander Rompala1, Emily Nice1
1Research Department, Shriners Children's Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Pediatric Neurology
|May 18, 2026
Summary
Classifying Acute Flaccid Myelitis (AFM) into four motor patterns aids prognosis. Motor pattern significantly impacts ambulation, highlighting pattern recognition
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pediatric Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Acute Flaccid Myelitis (AFM) presents with diverse clinical features and outcomes.
- A cohort of 82 AFM patients offers insights into motor involvement patterns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize motor involvement patterns in AFM.
- To evaluate the association between motor patterns and patient prognosis.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 82 AFM patients.
- Classification into four motor weakness groups: bilateral limbs, hemi-contralateral, hemi-ipsilateral, and global.
- Analysis of demographics, illness progression, ventilatory, and ambulation status.
Main Results:
- Four distinct motor patterns were identified.
- Ambulation status showed a statistically significant association with motor pattern (P < 0.05).
- All patients in the bilateral limb involvement group were ambulatory.
Conclusions:
- AFM can be categorized into four distinct motor patterns.
- These patterns may serve as predictors of prognosis.
- Pattern recognition is valuable in clinical assessment for predicting ambulation outcomes.
Related Concept Videos
01:26Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
01:25Arboviral Encephalitis
Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
01:18Viral Meningitis
Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
01:19Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
01:20Infection
When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
01:25Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology
Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...