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Highly sensitive refractive index sensor based on cascaded microfiber knots with Vernier effect.

Zhilin Xu, Qizhen Sun, Borui Li

    Optics Express
    |April 4, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    We developed a highly sensitive refractive index sensor using cascaded microfiber knot resonators (CMKRs) that leverage the Vernier effect for enhanced detection. This compact, all-fiber device offers precise measurements for various applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and optical sensing
    • Nanofiber technology
    • Biomedical instrumentation

    Background:

    • Refractive index (RI) sensing is crucial for detecting chemical and biological analytes.
    • Existing sensors often face limitations in sensitivity, resolution, or size.
    • Microfiber resonators offer high sensitivity due to their evanescent field.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate a novel refractive index sensor.
    • To enhance sensor sensitivity and resolution using the Vernier effect.
    • To fabricate a compact and cost-effective all-fiber sensor.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of cascaded microfiber knot resonators (CMKRs) using the Drawing-Knotting-Assembling (DKA) method.
    • Utilizing the Vernier effect for spectrum magnification.
    • Analysis of transmission spectra with a Lorentz fitting algorithm.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a high sensitivity of 6523 nm/RIU.
    • Demonstrated a detection resolution as high as 1.533 × 10⁻⁷ RIU.
    • Experimental results showed good agreement with numerical simulations.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed CMKRs-based RI sensor exhibits excellent sensitivity and resolution.
    • The compact, all-fiber design offers advantages in cost and size.
    • Potential applications include chemical/biological detection and field measurements.