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Opioids are a class of drugs that mimic endogenous opioid peptides and act on opioid receptors, and help in pain relief. These compounds are classified as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Natural opioids, like morphine, codeine, and thebaine, are derived from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum or Papaver album) and are termed opiates. Synthetic opioids are artificial, while semi-synthetic opioids combine natural and synthetic compounds. Morphine, a prototypical opioid, possesses a...
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Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Acupoint Application Combined with Acupressure as an Adjunctive Therapy for Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting
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Opioid-induced nausea and vomiting.

Howard S Smith1, Joshua M Smith2, Pya Seidner3

  • 1Albany Medical College, Department of Anesthesiology, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-131, Albany, New York 12208, USA. smithh@mail.amc.edu.

Annals of Palliative Medicine
|April 6, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Opioid analgesics help manage pain in palliative care but can cause nausea and vomiting. Current strategies may help reduce these common opioid side effects for patients.

Keywords:
NK-1Nauseaantagonistsmoxduoolanzapineopioidstapentadolvomiting

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Area of Science:

  • Palliative Care Medicine
  • Pharmacology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Opioids are essential for pain management in palliative care.
  • Opioid use is frequently associated with adverse effects, including nausea and vomiting.
  • Managing these side effects is crucial for patient comfort and treatment adherence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current strategies for mitigating opioid-induced nausea and vomiting (OINV).
  • To highlight the significance of OINV as a challenge in palliative care.
  • To explore potential therapeutic approaches for OINV.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on opioid analgesics and antiemetic strategies.
  • Analysis of the incidence and impact of nausea and vomiting in patients receiving opioids.
  • Identification of current and emerging interventions for OINV.

Main Results:

  • Nausea and vomiting are significant adverse effects of opioid therapy.
  • Despite the availability of opioids, OINV remains a challenge for many patients.
  • Several strategies exist to manage and potentially reduce OINV frequency and intensity.

Conclusions:

  • Opioid-induced nausea and vomiting require effective management strategies.
  • Further research into combination therapies may offer future solutions.
  • Addressing OINV is vital for improving the quality of life for palliative care patients.