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Risk Factors for Suicide Among Professional Athletes.

George A Wilson1, Joshua M Smith2, Karl J New1

  • 1Faculty of Life Sciences & Education, University of South Wales, United Kingdom.

Journal of Psychiatric Practice
|October 2, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Suicide risk factors in professional athletes are not well understood. This study identified potential risks like retirement and health issues, proposing a new identification tool for athletes.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Psychiatry
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Suicide is a significant public health issue across all demographics.
  • Risk factors for suicide in professional athletes remain largely unexplored compared to the general population.
  • Understanding these unique risk factors is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review existing literature on suicide risk factors specific to professional athletes.
  • To develop a preliminary suicide risk identification tool tailored for this population.
  • To lay the groundwork for a validated screening method for athlete mental health.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a comprehensive literature search across seven academic databases.
  • Synthesized findings from relevant studies to identify potential risk factors.
  • Utilized identified factors to formulate a proposed risk identification tool.

Main Results:

  • Identified potential risk factors including retirement, substance use (anabolic androgenic steroids), history of sexual abuse, health and financial problems, relationship difficulties, and specific coping strategies (self-blame).
  • Noted factors like changes in appetite/weight, sleep disturbances, reduced competitiveness, and post-career planning as potential indicators.
  • Found limited evidence for factors such as career in elite sports, contact sport participation, or specific sport types as primary risks.

Conclusions:

  • This research highlights several potential risk factors for suicide among professional athletes.
  • A proposed suicide risk identification tool has been formulated based on these findings.
  • Further research is essential to validate these factors and the proposed tool for clinical application.