[Penile prosthesis: Systematic review of infectious complications]

In the absence of practice recommendations, it was realized a review of the literature to establish the epidemiological and bacteriological data, prevention of infection, therapeutic attitude according to the clinical situation as well as the future prospects about the infections of penile prostheses.

A systematic review of the scientific literature was realized by the base of Pubmed data (http://www.ncbi.nim.gov/pubmed/). The literature search was made between 1992 and 2014 using the keywords: penile prostheses, penile implant, infection. The article was developed according to the recommendations Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses 2009 (Prisma).

The analysis of 10 meta-analysis and series published in various expert centers allowed us to synthesize the care recommended at present. Coagulasse négative staphylococcus were germs most frequently persons in charge but variations are secondarily observed in the current practices. The physiopathological knowledge (biofilm and risk factors) allowed to develop the antibiotic antibioprophylaxis, the precautionary measures of the infection of the operating site, the design of prostheses antimicrobial-impregnated or antibiotic-dipped and meticulous surgical technique ("Wash-Out", "No Touch"). In case of real infection, it was recommended in the absence of contra-indication to realize immediate salvage procedure allowing to set up a new penile prostheses, so avoiding the penile fibrosis.

All these measures have induced a decrease of the infection of penile implants significantly as well in case of primary implantation as of surgical revision. The future perspectives aim at preventing the infection by inhibition of the formation of the biofilm and by a more effective action of antibiotics about germs which it contains; or to use devices intrapenile "spacer" when the immediate salvage procedure is not feasible to facilitate the next implantation.