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Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair Growth and Types01:20

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A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
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Dermis
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A New Technique for Quantitative Analysis of Hair Loss in Mice Using Grayscale Analysis
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Alopecia areata--Part I: Background .

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    Alopecia areata is a hair loss condition with sudden onset of patchy bald spots. Current understanding suggests autoimmune and genetic factors contribute to its development.

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    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Trichology

    Background:

    • Alopecia areata is a common hair disorder.
    • It presents as non-scarring hair loss.
    • The etiology is multifactorial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the current understanding of alopecia areata.
    • To discuss the proposed causes of the condition.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of alopecia areata.
    • Analysis of etiological hypotheses.

    Main Results:

    • Alopecia areata involves abrupt onset of hair loss.
    • Lesions are typically round or oval and nonscarring.
    • Autoimmunity and genetic predisposition are key factors.

    Conclusions:

    • Alopecia areata is linked to autoimmune processes.
    • Genetic factors play a significant role in its pathogenesis.