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[Epidemiology and classification of arachnoid cysts in children]

Santiago Candela1, Patricia Puerta1, Mariana Alamar1

  • 1Servicio de Neurocirugía, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, España.

Neurocirugia (Asturias, Spain)
|April 7, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Arachnoid cysts affect 1-3% of children, more commonly boys. These cysts can be intracranial or spinal, with detailed classifications for each location to aid diagnosis and treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Cystic Lesions

Background:

  • Arachnoid cysts are congenital, non-cancerous growths that occur in the subarachnoid space.
  • They represent 1-3% of pediatric intracranial masses and are more prevalent in males.
  • Cyst location and classification are crucial for understanding their clinical impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of pediatric arachnoid cyst classification.
  • To detail the anatomical locations and sub-classifications of both intracranial and spinal arachnoid cysts.
  • To establish a standardized framework for reporting and researching these lesions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on pediatric arachnoid cysts.
  • Analysis of anatomical classification systems for intracranial and spinal locations.
  • Synthesis of diagnostic criteria and epidemiological data.

Main Results:

  • Intracranial cysts are categorized into supratentorial, infratentorial, and tentorial notch types.
  • Supratentorial cysts include middle cranial fossa, convexity, inter-hemisferic, sellar, and intraventricular locations.
  • Infratentorial cysts are classified as supracerebellar, infracerebellar, hemispheric, clivus, and cerebellopontine angle.
  • Spinal arachnoid cysts are differentiated by their extra- or intradural position and nerve root involvement.

Conclusions:

  • A clear classification system for pediatric arachnoid cysts is essential for accurate diagnosis.
  • Understanding the specific location and type of cyst aids in predicting clinical presentation and management.
  • Further research into the etiology and optimal treatment strategies for various arachnoid cyst subtypes is warranted.

Keywords:
Arachnoid cystChildrenClasificaciónClassificationEpidemiologyEpidemiologíaNiñosQuistes aracnoideos

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