Platinum nanoparticles functionalized nitrogen doped graphene platform for sensitive electrochemical glucose...

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Electrochemistry

Background:

• Development of sensitive and selective electrochemical biosensors is crucial for disease diagnosis.
• Nitrogen-doped graphene (NG) offers excellent electrical conductivity and large surface area.
• Platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) enhance catalytic activity and electron transfer.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a novel electrochemical glucose biosensor using platinum nanoparticles functionalized nitrogen-doped graphene (PtNPs@NG) nanocomposite.
• To characterize the PtNPs@NG nanocomposite and evaluate its performance in glucose detection.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication and characterization of PtNPs@NG nanocomposite using TEM, HRTEM, XPS, and contact angle measurements.
• Electrochemical characterization using EIS and CV.
• Immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) on the PtNPs@NG surface.
• Performance evaluation of the glucose biosensor including linear range, sensitivity, detection limit, selectivity, reproducibility, and stability.

Main Results:

• PtNPs@NG nanocomposite exhibited a large surface area and excellent biocompatibility.
• Enhanced direct electron transfer between GOx and the electrode surface was observed.
• The glucose biosensor demonstrated a wide linear range (0.005–1.1 mM) and high sensitivity (20.31 mA M⁻¹ cm⁻²).
• A low detection limit (0.002 mM) was achieved, showing a 20-fold improvement over NG-based sensors.
• The biosensor showed excellent selectivity, reproducibility, and stability, and was successfully applied to serum samples.

Conclusions:

• The PtNPs@NG nanocomposite is a promising platform for developing highly efficient electrochemical glucose biosensors.
• The fabricated biosensor offers superior performance compared to existing methods.
• This work paves the way for advanced biosensing applications in clinical diagnostics.