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Updated: Apr 15, 2026

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
Published on: April 10, 2015
Highly Efficient Ruthenium-Catalyzed N-Formylation of Amines with H₂ and CO₂
Lei Zhang1, Zhaobin Han1, Xiaoyu Zhao1
1State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032 (P.R. China).
Abstract:
A highly efficient catalyst system based on ruthenium-pincer-type complexes has been discovered for N-formylation of various amines with CO2 and H2, thus affording the corresponding formamides with excellent productivity (turnover numbers of up to 1,940,000 in a single batch) and selectivity. Using a simple catalyst recycling protocol, the catalyst was reused for 12 runs in N,N-dimethylformamide production without significant loss of activity, thus demonstrating the potential for practical utilization of this cost-effective process. A one-pot two-step procedure for hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol via the intermediacy of formamide formation has also been developed.
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