Presurgical MR Imaging in Epilepsy

Primary goal of magnetic resonance imaging in epilepsy patients is to detect epileptogenic lesions with small lesions best detectable on a 3D FLAIR SPACE sequence with 1 mm(3) voxels. Morphometric analysis of 3D T1-weighted data sets helps to find subtle lesions and may reveal the true extent of a lesion. In further presurgical work-up, language lateralization and spatial relationship of epileptogenic lesions to eloquent cortex and white matter tracts must be evaluated. With clear left lateralization language, fMRI is sufficient; in atypical lateralizations, Wada test and electrical stimulation mapping may be added. Primary motor cortex and corticospinal tract on one and visual cortex and optic radiation on the other side are displayed with fMRI and diffusion tensor tractography. For the corticospinal tract a "global" tracking algorithm, for the optic radiation including Meyer' loop, which may be damaged in anterior temporal lobe resections, a probabilistic algorithm is best suited.