Temporal self-regulation theory: a neurobiologically informed model for physical activity behavior.

Area of Science:

• Behavioral science
• Neuroscience
• Psychology

Background:

• Current physical activity models lack temporal dynamics, ecological factors, and neurobiological insights.
• Cognitive functions are crucial for self-regulation in consistent physical activity.
• Executive functions (EF) play a key role in initiating and maintaining behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

• Introduce Temporal Self-Regulation Theory (TST) as a novel model for physical activity behavior.
• Explore the interplay between executive function and physical activity.
• Explain variations in physical activity engagement.

Main Methods:

• Narrative review of existing literature.
• Introduction and conceptualization of Temporal Self-Regulation Theory (TST).
• Discussion of neurobiological underpinnings, including the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC).

Main Results:

• TST incorporates temporal dynamics and the influence of immediate behavioral consequences.
• Positive feedback loops exist between executive function (EF) and physical activity performance.
• Individuals with stronger EF demonstrate greater physical activity consistency, reinforcing EF.

Conclusions:

• TST offers a comprehensive framework for understanding physical activity behavior.
• The model explains incidental activity, athletic performance through deliberate practice, and exercise adherence.
• Neurobiological factors, particularly EF, are critical for sustained physical activity.