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Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in Children With Hematologic Malignancies

Márcio Tavares1, Mavilde Arantes2, Sérgio Chacim3

  • 1Department of Onco Hematology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal marcio.tavares@ipoporto.min-saude.pt.

Journal of Child Neurology
|April 12, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) can occur in children with blood cancers. While imaging often resolves, some children may develop long-term neurological issues like epilepsy, requiring close monitoring.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Hematology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neurological condition.
  • Data on PRES in pediatric hematologic malignancies is limited.
  • PRES can be associated with various predisposing factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe clinical and radiologic features of PRES in children with hematologic malignancies.
  • To report outcomes and follow-up of these pediatric patients.
  • To highlight the importance of close monitoring for potential sequelae.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series.
  • Analysis of clinical data, neuroimaging, and treatment outcomes.
  • Median follow-up duration of 27.6 months.

Main Results:

  • Ten pediatric patients diagnosed with PRES.
  • Six patients received chemotherapy; four were post-allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant.
  • Complete radiologic resolution observed, but two patients developed secondary epilepsy.

Conclusions:

  • PRES in children with hematologic malignancies can have long-term neurological consequences.
  • Despite prompt diagnosis and intervention, sequelae such as epilepsy can occur.
  • Close follow-up is crucial for all pediatric patients diagnosed with PRES.

Keywords:
allogenic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantchildrenepilepsyhematologic malignanciesneurologic complications

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