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Related Concept Videos

Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

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The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
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Coagulation

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Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...
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The Colloidal State01:29

The Colloidal State

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The formation of a colloidal system is exemplified by an aqueous solution containing Cl− ions is introduced to another containing Ag+ ions, resulting in the precipitation of solid AgCl as extremely tiny crystals. Instead of settling out as a filterable precipitate, these crystals remain suspended in the liquid, showcasing a colloidal system.A colloidal system involves colloidal particles within the approximate range of 1 to 1000 nm in at least one dimension, dispersed in a medium called...
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Enveloped virus flocculation and removal in osmolyte solutions.

Maria F Gencoglu1, Caryn L Heldt1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Dr. Houghton, MI 49931, USA.

Journal of Biotechnology
|April 14, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Virus flocculation using osmolytes offers a novel, cost-effective method for vaccine purification. This technique successfully removes viruses via microfiltration, potentially improving global vaccine accessibility.

Keywords:
High throughput screeningMannitolProlineSindbis virusVaccine purificationVirus aggregation

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Virology
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Global immunization rates are suboptimal due to distribution challenges and high vaccine production costs.
  • Current vaccine manufacturing relies on complex purification processes, contributing to high product expenses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate virus flocculation in osmolytes followed by microfiltration as an alternative vaccine purification strategy.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of osmolytes in flocculating both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized osmolytes to induce flocculation of Sindbis virus heat resistant strain (SVHR), an enveloped virus.
  • Employed microfiltration (0.2 μm) to separate virus flocs from proteins in solution.
  • Optimized osmolyte concentration, pH, and ionic strength for maximal SVHR removal.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated successful flocculation and removal of SVHR using osmolytes.
  • Achieved >80% SVHR removal with microfiltration, effectively separating viruses from proteins.
  • Identified 0.3M mannitol at pH 5 as optimal conditions, yielding 98% SVHR removal.

Conclusions:

  • Osmolytes facilitate virus particle aggregation by reducing their hydration layers, applicable to both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses.
  • This osmolytes-based virus flocculation and microfiltration method shows promise as a scalable platform for vaccine purification.
  • The proposed method could significantly reduce vaccine manufacturing costs, potentially enhancing global vaccine accessibility.