Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 15, 2026

A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
Published on: March 6, 2018
Therapy decisions for the symptomatic patient with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
Mark C Markowski, Kenneth J Pienta1
1Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Abstract:
Metastatic prostate cancer continues to kill approximately 30,000 men per year. Since 2010, five new therapeutic agents have been Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved to treat metastatic castration‑resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). With the increasing number of therapies available to clinicians, the most effective sequence in which to implement these treatments remains unknown. The presence or absence of symptoms (i.e., bony pain, visceral crisis) is a key parameter that informs the decision‑making process regarding therapy. Treatment algorithms based on: 1) asymptomatic/minimal symptoms, 2) moderate symptoms or chemotherapy ineligible or 3) symptomatic disease need to be developed.
Insights
Metastatic prostate cancer remains a significant threat, with numerous new treatments available. Determining the optimal sequence for these therapies, especially considering patient symptoms, is crucial for effective care.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Medical Therapeutics
Background:
- Metastatic prostate cancer causes approximately 30,000 male deaths annually.
- Five new FDA-approved agents target metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) since 2010.
Purpose of the Study:
- To address the challenge of selecting the most effective treatment sequence for mCRPC.
- To propose the development of treatment algorithms based on symptom presentation.
Main Methods:
- Review of current therapeutic agents and treatment guidelines for mCRPC.
- Analysis of symptom status (asymptomatic, moderate, symptomatic) as a decision-making parameter.
Main Results:
- The optimal sequence for mCRPC therapies is currently unknown.
- Symptom presence (bony pain, visceral crisis) is a critical factor in treatment decisions.
Conclusions:
- Treatment sequencing for mCRPC requires further investigation.
- Development of distinct treatment algorithms for asymptomatic, moderately symptomatic, and symptomatic patients is needed.
Related Concept Videos
Targeted Cancer Therapies
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
Disorders of the Male Reproductive System
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra....

