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Related Concept Videos

Intermolecular vs Intramolecular Forces03:00

Intermolecular vs Intramolecular Forces

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Intermolecular forces (IMF) are electrostatic attractions arising from charge-charge interactions between molecules. The strength of the intermolecular force is influenced by the distance of separation between molecules. The forces significantly affect the interactions in solids and liquids, where the molecules are close together. In gases, IMFs become important only under high-pressure conditions (due to the proximity of gas molecules). Intermolecular forces dictate the physical properties of...
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Intermolecular Forces

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Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen...
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Intermolecular Forces

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Van der Waals Interactions01:24

Van der Waals Interactions

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Atoms and molecules interact with each other through intermolecular forces. These electrostatic forces arise from attractive or repulsive interactions between particles with permanent, partial, or temporary charges. The intermolecular forces between neutral atoms and molecules are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, and dispersion forces, collectively known as van der Waals forces.
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Chemical Bonds02:40

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Atoms participate in a chemical bond formation to acquire a completed valence-shell electron configuration similar to that of the noble gas nearest to it in atomic number. Ionic, covalent, and metallic bonds are some of the important types of chemical bonds. Bond energy and bond length determine the strength of a chemical bond.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 15, 2026

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
06:44

From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

Published on: March 24, 2018

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Intermolecular atom-atom bonds in crystals?

Jack D Dunitz1

  • 1Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH-Zurich), Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland.

Iucrj
|April 14, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Interpreting distances between neighboring molecules in crystals is complex. This study examines the nuances of measuring atomic distances in crystalline structures.

Area of Science:

  • Solid-state chemistry
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Accurate measurement of atomic distances is crucial for understanding molecular interactions.
  • Existing methods for determining intermolecular distances in crystals face interpretation challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and clarify the interpretation of distances between atoms of neighboring molecules in crystalline solids.
  • To address ambiguities in current crystallographic distance measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Review of crystallographic data and measurement techniques.
  • Analysis of theoretical models for intermolecular interactions.

Main Results:

  • Identified specific scenarios where distance interpretation is problematic.
Keywords:
crystalsintermolecular atom–atom bonds

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  • Highlighted the influence of crystal packing and thermal motion on measured distances.

    • Conclusions:

    • Revisiting the interpretation of atomic distances in crystals is necessary for accurate structural analysis.
    • Further refinement of measurement and interpretation protocols is recommended for crystallographic studies.