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Updated: Apr 15, 2026

An Optimized Hemagglutination Inhibition HI Assay to Quantify Influenza-specific Antibody Titers
Published on: December 1, 2017
Interim influenza vaccine effectiveness: A good proxy for final estimates in Spain in the seasons 2010-2014
Silvia Jiménez-Jorge1, Francisco Pozo2, Amparo Larrauri1
1National Centre of Epidemiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, c/Monforte de Lemos no.5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Introduction:
The agreement between interim and final influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates would support the use of interim assessments as a proxy for final VE results to guide health authorities in influenza prevention. We aimed to compare interim/final VE estimates in Spain.
Methods:
We used a test-negative case-control study (cycEVA) for 2010/11-2013/14 seasons. Sensitivity analyses were carried out by type/subtype of influenza virus and by target groups for vaccination.
Results:
In general, interim estimates were higher compared to end-season estimates. Interim and final VE differences were higher for the target groups compared to all population. Subtype-specific interim/final VE estimates showed greater concordance (3-13%) than for any virus (7-24%).
Conclusion:
In Spain, interim influenza VE estimates over 2010-2014 were a good proxy of the final protection of the vaccine. Interim and final estimates showed greater concordance for all population and if performed subtype-specific.
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