Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Chemotaxis in E. coli01:27

Chemotaxis in E. coli

1.4K
Chemotaxis in Escherichia coli is a sensory-driven motility mechanism that enables bacteria to navigate chemical gradients, moving toward beneficial environments while avoiding harmful conditions. This process relies on a signal transduction system integrating external chemical cues with flagellar motor control.Chemoreceptors and Signal DetectionE. coli detects chemical gradients through methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs), which are membrane-bound chemoreceptors that sense attractants...
1.4K
Protein Transport to the Thylakoids01:22

Protein Transport to the Thylakoids

3.1K
Thylakoids are membrane-bound sac-like structures within the chloroplast that serve as sites for photosynthesis. Thylakoid lumen contains many electron transport proteins and is enclosed by a thylakoid membrane rich in the light-harvesting complex. Proteins targeted to the thylakoids are transported as precursors and are sorted by the general TOC/TIC import pathway. Once the precursor reaches the stroma, stromal processing peptidases remove their transit signal and expose thylakoid signal...
3.1K
Secondary Active Transport01:55

Secondary Active Transport

141.6K
One example of how cells use the energy contained in electrochemical gradients is demonstrated by glucose transport into cells. The ion vital to this process is sodium (Na+), which is typically present in higher concentrations extracellularly than in the cytosol. Such a concentration difference is due, in part, to the action of an enzyme “pump” embedded in the cellular membrane that actively expels Na+ from a cell. Importantly, as this pump contributes to the high concentration of...
141.6K
Secondary Active Transport01:32

Secondary Active Transport

14.5K
One example of how cells use the energy contained in electrochemical gradients is demonstrated by glucose transport into cells. The ion vital to this process is sodium (Na+), which is typically present in higher concentrations extracellularly than in the cytosol. Such a concentration difference is due, in part, to the action of an enzyme "pump" embedded in the cellular membrane that actively expels Na+ from a cell. Importantly, as this pump contributes to the high concentration of...
14.5K
Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane

6.3K
Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...
6.3K
Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration01:21

Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration

6.3K
Cells can detect chemical cues in their environment and reorganize the cytoskeleton to migrate toward them or away from them. This directional migration, called chemotaxis, is essential during embryogenesis and development, immune response, tissue repair and regeneration, and reproduction. These chemical cues can either attract or repel the cell's movement. For example, axon development is determined by a combination of chemoattractants and chemorepellents that direct the growing axon...
6.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Co-enrichment of proteins in extracellular vesicles.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Lipidome Analysis of Cancer Cells and Their Extracellular Vesicles Reveals Cancer-Type-Specific Lipid Signatures and Enables the Design of EV-Mimetic Liposomes.

Journal of extracellular vesicles·2026
Same author

Enhanced myelination potential of human mature oligodendrocytes by TNF and IFNG combination.

Journal of neuroinflammation·2026
Same author

Convergence and divergence of molecular mechanisms in Hebbian and homeostatic plasticity.

Frontiers in synaptic neuroscience·2026
Same author

Pure Chitosan Microfluidic Spinning Affords Modular Core-Sheath Fibers and Hand-Crafted Scaffolds with Enhanced Fibroblast Compatibility.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same author

Deterministic droplet-based co-encapsulation of single cells through inertial and hydrodynamic focusing.

The Analyst·2026
Same journal

Development of a fast-crosslinking hydrogel system doped with magnetic mesoporous nanoparticles for sustained fluoride ion release and caries prevention.

Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology·2026
Same journal

Editorial: Advancements in research on plant-derived extracellular vesicles and nanoparticles- applications in biotechnology and one health.

Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology·2026
Same journal

Operational integrity screening for telemedicine workflows: an explainable motion and audiovisual coherence framework.

Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology·2026
Same journal

Advances in biomechanical modeling of lumbar spine diseases and tumors: gaps, opportunities, and AI integration.

Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology·2026
Same journal

Engineering <i>Lactococcus cremoris</i> strains co-expressing two cellulase genes for growth on cellulose.

Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology·2026
Same journal

Exosome-mediated tendon-derived stem cell therapy strategies: potential and challenges.

Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Imaging G Protein-coupled Receptor-mediated Chemotaxis and its Signaling Events in Neutrophil-like HL60 Cells
08:24

Imaging G Protein-coupled Receptor-mediated Chemotaxis and its Signaling Events in Neutrophil-like HL60 Cells

Published on: September 14, 2016

10.7K

Substrate-bound protein gradients to study haptotaxis.

Sébastien G Ricoult1, Timothy E Kennedy2, David Juncker3

  • 1McGill Program in Neuroengineering, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University , Montreal, QC , Canada ; Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, McGill University , Montréal, QC , Canada.

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
|April 15, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review highlights haptotaxis, cell migration guided by substrate-bound cues. Understanding this process, including the role of the reference surface, is crucial for cell navigation and bioengineering applications.

Keywords:
digital gradienthaptotaxisimmobilized gradientreference surfacesubstrate-bound gradient

More Related Videos

Creating Adhesive and Soluble Gradients for Imaging Cell Migration with Fluorescence Microscopy
13:10

Creating Adhesive and Soluble Gradients for Imaging Cell Migration with Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: April 4, 2013

13.1K
Traction Microscopy Integrated with Microfluidics for Chemotactic Collective Migration
10:53

Traction Microscopy Integrated with Microfluidics for Chemotactic Collective Migration

Published on: October 13, 2019

7.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Imaging G Protein-coupled Receptor-mediated Chemotaxis and its Signaling Events in Neutrophil-like HL60 Cells
08:24

Imaging G Protein-coupled Receptor-mediated Chemotaxis and its Signaling Events in Neutrophil-like HL60 Cells

Published on: September 14, 2016

10.7K
Creating Adhesive and Soluble Gradients for Imaging Cell Migration with Fluorescence Microscopy
13:10

Creating Adhesive and Soluble Gradients for Imaging Cell Migration with Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: April 4, 2013

13.1K
Traction Microscopy Integrated with Microfluidics for Chemotactic Collective Migration
10:53

Traction Microscopy Integrated with Microfluidics for Chemotactic Collective Migration

Published on: October 13, 2019

7.6K

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Bioengineering

Background:

  • Cells migrate using chemical cues in solution (chemotaxis) and substrate-bound cues (haptotaxis).
  • Haptotaxis is increasingly recognized as vital in vivo, with guidance proteins often bound to cell surfaces or extracellular matrix.
  • Historically, chemotaxis has received more attention than haptotaxis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the history and mechanisms of haptotaxis.
  • To examine the critical role of the reference surface in haptotaxis experiments.
  • To compare various methods for creating substrate-bound gradients for in vitro studies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical research on cell migration and guidance cues.
  • Analysis of experimental designs considering the reference surface effect.
  • Comparison of microfluidics, contact printing, light patterning, and 3D fabrication for gradient generation.

Main Results:

  • Haptotaxis is a critical cell migration mechanism, often overlooked compared to chemotaxis.
  • The reference surface significantly influences haptotaxis and requires careful consideration in experimental design.
  • Diverse methods now exist for creating controlled substrate-bound gradients, enabling systematic haptotaxis research.

Conclusions:

  • A deeper understanding of haptotaxis is essential for deciphering cell motility.
  • This knowledge will advance bioengineering strategies for programming cell navigation and restoring function.