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Related Experiment Videos

Themes of grief.

S L Carter1

  • 1School of Nursing, Indiana State University, Terre Haute.

Nursing Research
|November 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Bereavement involves complex themes like change, expectations, and personal history. This study identified core grief experiences and highlighted aspects not fully addressed by existing theories.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Grief Studies
  • Qualitative Research

Background:

  • Existing theoretical perspectives on bereavement, including those by Freud and Kübler-Ross, may not fully capture the lived experience of grief.
  • Understanding the multifaceted nature of bereavement is crucial for providing effective support to grieving individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and describe the core themes and meta-themes experienced during bereavement.
  • To compare these identified themes with established theoretical perspectives on grief.
  • To highlight aspects of bereavement that are unaddressed or dissimilar to current theories.

Main Methods:

  • Thematic analysis of 30 narrative accounts of bereavement.
  • Comparison of identified themes with theoretical perspectives from Freud, Kübler-Ross, and existential-phenomenological approaches.

Main Results:

  • Nine themes emerged: five core (being stopped, hurting, missing, holding, seeking), three meta-themes (change, expectations, inexpressibility), and one contextual (personal history).
  • Key bereavement features not fully addressed by theories include the changing quality of grief (waves, delayed pain), the process of 'holding' a loved one's memory, societal and personal expectations, and the impact of personal history.

Conclusions:

  • Bereavement is a complex, individualized process influenced by personal history and societal expectations.
  • Existing theories may need refinement to encompass the dynamic nature of grief, including delayed intense pain and the unique process of preserving a loved one's meaning.
  • The concept of 'holding' and the influence of personal history are critical factors in understanding individual bereavement experiences.

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