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Evolution of human G4P[8] group A rotavirus strains circulating in Italy in 2013

Giovanni Ianiro1, Roberto Delogu2, Lucia Fiore2

  • 1Dept of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety.

Virus Research
|April 19, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Group A rotavirus (RVA) causes severe gastroenteritis in children. This study analyzed Italian G4P[8] RVA strains, revealing genetic similarities and evolutionary clusters with global strains, including substitutions near neutralizing epitopes.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Group A rotaviruses (RVA) are a major cause of acute gastroenteritis in young children globally, responsible for significant mortality, particularly in developing nations.
  • The G-type (VP7) and P-type (VP4) genotypes are key for RVA classification, with specific G/P combinations dominating human infections worldwide.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic evolution and phylogenetic characteristics of G4P[8] rotavirus strains circulating in Italy.
  • To analyze nucleotide and amino acid sequences of key viral genes (VP4, VP6, VP7, NSP4) in Italian G4P[8] strains.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 1112 RVA-positive samples from hospitalized children in Italy (2013).
  • Genotyping of RVA strains using standardized protocols.
  • Nucleotide sequencing of VP4, VP6, VP7, and NSP4 genes for 22 selected G4P[8] strains.
  • Phylogenetic analysis based on nucleotide and amino acid sequences.

Main Results:

  • Phylogenetic analysis placed the Italian G4P[8] strains within lineage G4-I (VP7) and P[8]-III (VP4), consistent with contemporary global strains.
  • High nucleotide identity was observed between Italian strains and G4P[8] strains from Europe, Asia, and Africa.
  • At least three distinct evolutionary clusters were identified within the analyzed G4P[8] strains.
  • Amino acid substitutions near known neutralizing epitopes were found in the VP7 and VP8* proteins of the Italian strains.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides insights into the molecular epidemiology and evolution of G4P[8] rotavirus strains in Italy.
  • Findings suggest ongoing evolution and potential diversification of G4P[8] rotaviruses, with implications for vaccine effectiveness and surveillance.
  • The identified amino acid substitutions may influence viral antigenicity and immune evasion strategies.

Keywords:
EvolutionG4P[8]Human rotavirus AVP4VP7

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