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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 14, 2026

Author Spotlight: Investigating Physiological Functions of Vitamin A Transporters Using HPLC-Based Vitamin A Profiling

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Published on: December 27, 2024

Retinoic acid and the ocular surface.

Chameen Samarawickrama¹, Sky Chew², Stephanie Watson¹

¹Sydney Eye Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Survey of Ophthalmology

|April 20, 2015

Summary

Retinoic acid aids ocular surface healing by promoting cell differentiation and repairing corneal defects. However, it can cause dry eye symptoms by damaging meibomian glands, an effect that reverses upon stopping treatment.

Keywords:

dry eyes limbal stem cell failure ocular surface ocular surface squamous neoplasia retinoic acid retinoids vitamin A

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Cell Biology
Dermatology

Background:

Retinoic acid (RA) is recognized for enhancing cutaneous wound healing.
Recent research explores RA's therapeutic potential in ophthalmology, particularly for ocular surface conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the multifaceted role of retinoic acid in ocular surface health and disease.
To elucidate the mechanisms of action and therapeutic benefits of RA in ophthalmic applications.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies investigating retinoic acid's effects on the ocular surface.
Analysis of RA's impact on corneal healing, cell differentiation, and meibomian gland function.

Main Results:

Retinoic acid demonstrates efficacy in healing corneal lacerations and epithelial defects.
Optimal concentrations are crucial, as excess RA can be detrimental.
A significant adverse effect includes meibomian gland dysfunction, leading to dry eye symptoms, which is reversible.

Conclusions:

Retinoic acid holds promise for treating various ocular surface conditions, including corneal injuries.
Careful dose management is essential to maximize benefits and minimize side effects like meibomian gland damage.
The reversible nature of RA-induced dry eye offers a potential therapeutic window.