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Consensus document on the approach to children with allergic reactions after vaccination or allergy to vaccine

Luis A Echeverría-Zudaire1, Luis Ortigosa-del Castillo2, Elena Alonso-Lebrero3

  • 1Unidad de Alergia y Neumología Pediátrica, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa, Leganés, Madrid, Spain.

Allergologia Et Immunopathologia
|April 21, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Severe allergic reactions to vaccines are rare, occurring in less than 1 in 100,000 doses. Allergic reactions are often due to residual manufacturing components, not vaccine antigens, necessitating accurate diagnosis before future immunizations.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Public Health
  • Allergy and Immunology

Background:

  • Vaccines are crucial public health tools for preventing infectious diseases.
  • Allergic reactions to vaccines can lead to the suspension of subsequent immunizations, posing risks.
  • Severe allergic reactions to vaccines are infrequent, with an incidence of 0.5-1 per 100,000 doses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causes and implications of allergic reactions to vaccines.
  • To emphasize the importance of accurate diagnosis of vaccine allergies.
  • To guide decisions regarding continued vaccination in children with suspected allergies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of vaccine safety data and allergic reaction incidence.
  • Analysis of common allergens associated with vaccine manufacturing.
  • Clinical assessment of suspected immediate-type allergic reactions.

Main Results:

  • Most allergic reactions are mild and localized to the injection site.
  • Severe anaphylactic reactions are rare.
  • Allergens are often residual proteins (e.g., gelatin, egg) from manufacturing, not vaccine antigens.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of allergic reactions is essential before suspending vaccinations.
  • Understanding vaccine components is critical for safe immunization practices.
  • The benefits of vaccination generally outweigh the risks of rare allergic reactions.

Keywords:
AnaphylaxisChildDelayed reactionsGelatinImmunizationVaccinationVaccinesVaccines allergy

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