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Prospective memory function in late adulthood: affect at encoding and resource allocation costs.

Julie D Henry1, Sebastian Joeffry1, Gill Terrett2

  • 1School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Emotional cues do not affect prospective memory (PM) accuracy across age groups. However, older adults showed reduced PM accuracy, and all groups experienced dual-task costs, with older adults showing greater initial costs.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience of Aging

Background:

  • Emotional valence of prospective memory (PM) cues may influence age-related differences in memory recall.
  • Previous research has not fully explored valence effects on PM or associated cognitive costs across different age groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how emotional valence (positive, negative, neutral) of PM cues at encoding affects memory performance in younger, young-old, and old-old adults.
  • To examine age-related differences in PM accuracy and reaction times.
  • To assess dual-task costs and resource allocation trade-offs during PM tasks across age groups.

Main Methods:

  • Participants (younger, young-old, old-old adults) performed a PM task with systematically varied cue valence (positive, negative, neutral) during encoding.
  • PM accuracy and reaction times were measured.
  • Dual-task costs and proportional changes in reaction time were analyzed to assess resource allocation.

Main Results:

  • PM accuracy was not influenced by cue valence at encoding, nor did it interact with age group.
  • Old-old adults exhibited lower PM accuracy compared to younger and young-old adults.
  • All age groups incurred dual-task costs, with older adults initially showing greater costs, but proportional costs were equivalent when adjusted for general slowing.

Conclusions:

  • Emotional valence of PM cues at encoding does not modulate age effects on prospective remembering.
  • Age-related decline in PM accuracy is evident in older adults.
  • While older adults experience greater initial dual-task costs, their proportional resource allocation for PM tasks is comparable to younger adults when controlling for general slowing.