Potential effect of combined xenoestrogens during gestation stages on mouse offspring

The synergistic effect of numerous environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) has raised research concern among researchers. To extend previous studies, the measured additional potential interactions among bisphenol A (BPA), 4-nonylphenol (NP), 4-tert octylphenol (OP) and isobutylparaben (IBP) in mouse model were observed. Pregnant Swiss-albino mice were treated with binary combined chemicals (5, 50 or 500 mg kg(-1) b.wt. day(-1)) from gestation day (GD) 1 to 21. Interestingly, maternal exposure to these EDCs caused fluctuation in GD time, live ratio, female/male ratio, body and organ weights of mouse offspring at postnatal day (PND) 1, 21, and 41 days. At most doses early reduced 0.85 to 1.87 GD compared to controls. Besides females/males ratio showed a significant difference in BPA+ OP, BPA+IBP groups. Female body weight at PND 21 and 41, showed a significant reduction at all combined levels, whereas male offspring showed reduction in weight at dose 50 mg kg(-1) b.wt. day(-1). The potential effects of synergic estrogenicity detected histopathological abnormities, such as ovary analysis revealed increase of corpora lutea, cystic follicles and an endometrial hypertrophy and morphometric changes in uteri measurement. Taken together, these results provided an additional insight into synergistic effects of EDCs toxicology on reproductive tracts.