Detection Strategies for Begomoviruses: A Focus Review of Methods

Begomovirus, the largest genus within the family Geminiviridae, poses a significant threat to global agriculture, resulting in substantial economic losses across diverse cropping systems. The increasing incidence and geographic spread of begomoviruses are driven by both the emergence of novel viral strains and the adaptation of existing ones, complicating efforts to manage the disease effectively. Traditional techniques, such as PCR and ELISA, have long been the primary methods used for detecting begomoviruses. However, recent advancements have introduced modern detection techniques designed to improve speed and accuracy. Additionally, some techniques can also be applied in the field with commercial products, enhancing the practical efficiency of begomoviruses detection. This review summarizes the most used methods for begomoviruses detection and provides a comparative assessment of the strengths and limitations of each technique. Based on this, it will assist researchers in gaining a comprehensive overview of detection methods and their applications in studying this plant virus genus. Consequently, researchers can select the optimal detection method for their studies without expending excessive time and resources.