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Related Concept Videos

Vitamins01:30

Vitamins

2.5K
Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced...
2.5K
Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis01:23

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

8.0K
The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin...
8.0K
Mineral, Vitamin and Water Absorption01:27

Mineral, Vitamin and Water Absorption

1.6K
Electrolytes are essential minerals and ions primarily obtained from the diet and absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. Most electrolytes are absorbed in the small intestine. While the absorption of iron and calcium primarily occurs in the duodenum, calcium is also absorbed in the jejunum and ileum. In these regions, passive diffusion contributes to its absorption alongside active transport mechanisms in the duodenum. These ions can exit the enterocytes through specialized active...
1.6K
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

5.6K
The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
5.6K
Anticoagulant Drugs: Vitamin K Antagonists and Direct Oral Anticoagulants01:18

Anticoagulant Drugs: Vitamin K Antagonists and Direct Oral Anticoagulants

2.5K
Oral anticoagulants are vital tools in preventing and treating blood clotting disorders. This diverse class of medications can be categorized as vitamin K antagonists, exemplified by warfarin, and direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs), such as dabigatran, as well as factor Xa inhibitors, including rivaroxaban.
Warfarin, a prominent vitamin K antagonist family member, exerts its effect by inhibiting the enzyme VKORC1 (vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1). By hindering this enzyme, warfarin...
2.5K
Cofactors and Coenzymes01:27

Cofactors and Coenzymes

87.6K
Enzymes require additional components for proper function. There are two such classes of molecules: cofactors and coenzymes. Cofactors are metallic ions and coenzymes are non-protein organic molecules. Both of these types of helper molecule can be tightly bound to the enzyme or bound only when the substrate binds.
87.6K

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Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Author Spotlight: Investigating Physiological Functions of Vitamin A Transporters Using HPLC-Based Vitamin A Profiling
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Author Spotlight: Investigating Physiological Functions of Vitamin A Transporters Using HPLC-Based Vitamin A Profiling

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[Vitamin D: what to do with it?].

Patrick J E Bindels1

  • 1Erasmus MC, afd. Huisartsgeneeskunde, Rotterdam.

Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde
|April 23, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vitamin D deficiency is common, but evidence for supplementation benefits remains limited. Blood tests may not be necessary, as supplementation can be initiated based on individual risk assessment.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Limited evidence supports the benefits of vitamin D supplementation.
  • Official recommendations for vitamin D intake exist but are poorly implemented.
  • General practitioners often test vitamin D levels in low-risk patients with vague symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in primary care patients.
  • To assess the utility of routine vitamin D blood level measurements.
  • To inform clinical practice regarding vitamin D supplementation.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of vitamin D levels from random blood samples in a primary healthcare laboratory.
  • Review of current recommendations and clinical practices for vitamin D testing and supplementation.

Main Results:

  • Low vitamin D levels are highly prevalent among primary care patients.
  • Routine vitamin D blood level measurement may offer no added value.
  • Ongoing trials are investigating the actual benefits of vitamin D supplementation.

Conclusions:

  • Vitamin D deficiency is widespread, yet its clinical benefits from supplementation are not definitively established.
  • Routine vitamin D testing in primary care may not be cost-effective or clinically indicated.
  • Supplementation can be considered based on individual risk factors or patient preference without mandatory blood level measurement.