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How orthographic transparency affects morphological processing in young readers with and without reading disability.

Miguel Lázaro1, Laura García1, Cristina Burani2,3

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Castilla la Mancha, Toledo, Spain.

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Orthographic changes to word stems impact morphological processing in Spanish readers. Both skilled readers and those with reading deficits struggled with altered derived words, showing similar effects of these changes.

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Base frequencydyslexiamorpho-orthographic segmentationmorphology

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • Morphological processing is crucial for reading comprehension.
  • Orthographic regularity can influence word recognition.
  • Understanding reading deficits requires examining morphological processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of orthographic alterations in derived words on morphological processing.
  • To compare processing in proficient young Spanish readers and children with reading deficits.
  • To examine the role of base word frequency in relation to orthographic alterations.

Main Methods:

  • Definition task assessing understanding of derived words.
  • Go/no-go lexical decision task measuring word recognition.
  • Comparison between derived words with and without orthographic stem alterations.
  • Analysis of base word frequency effects.

Main Results:

  • All children performed worse on defining derived words with orthographic alterations.
  • Base word frequency effects were stronger for derived words without alterations.
  • Skilled readers outperformed children with reading deficits.
  • Orthographic alterations affected morphological processing similarly in both groups.

Conclusions:

  • Orthographic modifications to word stems pose challenges for morphological processing in Spanish readers.
  • High base word frequency aids morphological processing for all readers.
  • Reading skill impacts overall performance but not the effect of orthographic alterations.
  • Findings highlight the interplay between orthography, morphology, and reading ability.