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A Standardized Protocol for Preference Testing to Assess Fish Welfare
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Environmental enrichment for aquatic animals.

Mike Corcoran1

  • 1VCA Wakefield Animal Hospital, 19 Main Street, Wakefield, MA 01880, USA; American Association of Fish Veterinarians, 4580 Crackersport Road, Allentown, PA 18104, USA; World Aquatic Veterinary Medical Association, 132 Lichfield Road, Stafford, Staffordshire ST17 4LE, UK.

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Exotic Animal Practice
|April 23, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Aquatic animals, popular pets and research subjects, require environmental enrichment. As their sentience is increasingly recognized, implementing enrichment strategies is crucial for their welfare.

Keywords:
Aquarium enrichmentAquatic animal enrichmentFish enrichmentFish medicineKoi enrichmentOctopus enrichmentTropical fish enrichment

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Science
  • Aquatic Animal Medicine
  • Animal Behavior

Background:

  • Aquatic animals are the most popular pets in the U.S. and are increasingly utilized in research.
  • Enrichment is vital in zoo and laboratory animal medicine, but its implementation for aquatic species lags.
  • Historically, debate existed regarding fish sentience, pain perception, and memory formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the growing need for environmental enrichment for aquatic animals in captivity.
  • To address the historical debate surrounding fish cognition and welfare.
  • To underscore the importance of enrichment as aquatic animal sentience is more widely accepted.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on aquatic animal welfare and cognition.
  • Analysis of the historical scientific debate on fish pain and memory.
  • Examination of the current understanding of aquatic animal sentience.

Main Results:

  • The popularity of aquatic animals as pets and research subjects has increased.
  • Scientific consensus is shifting towards recognizing the sentience of more aquatic animals.
  • The need for structured enrichment protocols for aquatic animals is becoming more apparent.

Conclusions:

  • The acceptance of aquatic animal consciousness necessitates a greater focus on their welfare through enrichment.
  • Implementing enrichment strategies is essential for responsible captive care and research practices.
  • Further research and practical application of enrichment are needed for aquatic species.