Glass ionomer restorative cement systems: an update

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Dentistry
• Dental Materials Science
• Restorative Dentistry

Background:

• Glass ionomer cements (GICs) have been utilized in pediatric restorative dentistry for over 20 years.
• GICs offer advantages including fluoride release, biocompatibility, chemical adhesion to tooth structure, and favorable thermal expansion.
• Their versatility makes them a preferred choice over other restorative materials for specific pediatric applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the diverse applications of glass ionomer materials in pediatric dentistry.
• To highlight their use as pit and fissure sealants, dentin and enamel replacement/repair materials, and luting cements.
• To discuss their role in the glass ionomer/resin-based composite stratification technique (sandwich technique) for tooth restoration.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of glass ionomer cements in pediatric dentistry.
• Analysis of clinical applications and research references.
• Synthesis of information on GIC properties and usage in young patients.

Main Results:

• Glass ionomer cements are effective as sealants, repair materials, and luting agents in pediatric restorative dentistry.
• The sandwich technique, combining GICs with resin composites, offers enhanced restorative outcomes.
• GICs provide a reliable, versatile, and biocompatible option for treating primary and young permanent teeth.

Conclusions:

• Glass ionomer cements are indispensable materials in pediatric dentistry, offering unique benefits for various restorative procedures.
• This review serves as a guide for clinicians and researchers on the optimal use of GICs in pediatric patients.
• Continued research into GIC systems will further refine their application and efficacy in treating young patients.