[Gender Differences in Lung Cancer]

More and more women suffer from lung cancer. In comparison to the male patients they are younger and more likely never-smokers. Adenocarcinomas are more frequently in women than in men. Their long-time survival post curative resection in early stage non-small-cell lung cancer is better than in men. Women show frequently more molecular changes: more molecular targets are found. Therefore they might benefit more from target-oriented stratified medical treatments. This overview comments on the gender-specific differences in diagnostics, treatment and outcome of lung cancer.