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Related Concept Videos

Chemical Shift: Internal References and Solvent Effects01:17

Chemical Shift: Internal References and Solvent Effects

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In an NMR sample, precise measurement of the absolute absorption frequencies of nuclei is difficult. A standard internal reference compound is added, and the frequency difference between the reference signal and sample signals is measured.
The internal reference compound generally used in NMR spectroscopy is tetramethylsilane (TMS). TMS is preferred because it is chemically inert, soluble in NMR solvents, and easily removable. Also, the highly shielded methyl protons in TMS yield an intense...
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Applications Of NMR In Biology01:25

Applications Of NMR In Biology

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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a very valuable analytical technique for researchers. It has been used for more than 50 years as an analytical tool. F. Bloch and E. Purcell formulated NMR in 1946 and won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physics  for their work. Biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and organic molecules including pharmaceutical compounds, can be studied using this versatile tool that exploits the magnetic properties of certain nuclei.
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Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR): Overview01:07

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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a phenomenon exhibited by certain nuclei that can absorb characteristic radio frequency radiation under certain conditions. NMR has been extensively applied in molecular spectroscopy and medical diagnostic imaging. In both these applications, the molecule or subject under study is placed in a magnetic field and irradiated with radio frequency energy.
NMR spectroscopy generates a spectrum where the characteristic absorption frequencies of the sample are...
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NMR Spectroscopy of Aromatic Compounds01:14

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Aromatic compounds can be identified or analyzed using proton NMR and carbon‐13 NMR. Typically, aromatic hydrogens or hydrogens directly bonded to the aromatic rings are strongly deshielded by the aromatic ring current. Therefore, they absorb in the range of 6.5–8.0 ppm in proton NMR spectra. For instance, aromatic hydrogens directly bonded to the benzene ring absorb at 7.3 ppm. However, aromatic hydrogens of larger rings absorb farther upfield or downfield than the ideal range.
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NMR Spectrometers: Overview01:20

NMR Spectrometers: Overview

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NMR spectrometers consist of a strong magnet, a radiofrequency transmitter, and a detector attached to a computer console for recording spectra of samples containing NMR-active nuclei. In first-generation NMR instruments called continuous-wave spectrometers, the resonance frequencies of the nuclei are determined by frequency-sweep or field-sweep methods. The magnetic field strength is fixed and the rf signal is swept in the former, while the radiofrequency signal is fixed and the magnetic field...
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NMR Spectroscopy: Chemical Shift Overview01:15

NMR Spectroscopy: Chemical Shift Overview

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The position of the absorption signal of a sample is reported relative to the position of the signal of tetramethylsilane (TMS), which is added as an internal reference while recording spectra. The difference between the absorption frequencies of the sample and TMS (in Hz) is divided by the spectrometer operating frequency (in MHz) to obtain a dimensionless quantity called the chemical shift. It is reported on the δ (delta) scale and expressed in parts per million.
For instance, the proton...
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Measuring material susceptibility using NMR.

Paul SanGiorgio1, Albert Zens1

  • 1Agilent Labs, 5301 Stevens Creek Blvd, Santa Clara, CA 95051, United States.

Journal of Magnetic Resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)
|April 25, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method accurately measures material susceptibility using pulsed field gradients. This technique validates "zero-susceptibility" materials crucial for high-resolution NMR probe construction.

Keywords:
Compensated materialsNMRSusceptibility

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Physics

Background:

  • High-field magnetic susceptibility measurements are vital for characterizing materials.
  • Standard methods often require specialized equipment.
  • Accurate susceptibility values are essential for advanced applications like NMR probe design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel, accessible method for measuring high-field magnetic susceptibilities.
  • To demonstrate the technique's accuracy and sensitivity using copper samples.
  • To assess the method's utility in evaluating materials for NMR applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a standard Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) system with pulsed field gradients.
  • Measured volumetric susceptibility of 99.9% copper wires with varying diameters (0.16-0.79 mm).
  • Compared experimental results with established literature values for pure copper.

Main Results:

  • Achieved accurate measurement of copper's volumetric susceptibility (χ=-9.5±0.2·10⁻⁶).
  • Experimental results closely matched the literature value for pure copper (-9.6·10⁻⁶).
  • Demonstrated the technique's sensitivity and quantitative capabilities.

Conclusions:

  • The developed NMR method provides a reliable and accessible means to measure magnetic susceptibility.
  • This technique is suitable for validating materials, particularly those intended for "zero-susceptibility" applications in NMR.
  • The method aids in the development and quality control of components for high-resolution NMR probes.