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Detection and Visualization of DNA Damage-induced Protein Complexes in Suspension Cell Cultures Using the Proximity Ligation Assay
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Polyomavirus interaction with the DNA damage response.

Joshua L Justice1, Brandy Verhalen, Mengxi Jiang

  • 1Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, 35294, USA.

Virologica Sinica
|April 26, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Polyomaviruses hijack host DNA repair proteins for replication, potentially threatening genomic stability. This review explores their interaction with the DNA damage response (DDR) involving ATM and ATR kinases.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that exploit host cell machinery for replication.
  • Polyomaviruses, small DNA viruses, are models for eukaryotic DNA replication and manipulate host proteins.
  • Polyomavirus infection can pose a genotoxic threat to host cells, necessitating a robust DNA damage response (DDR).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the interactions between polyomaviruses and the host's DNA damage response (DDR) pathways.
  • To elucidate the role of ATM and ATR kinases in polyomavirus infection.
  • To assess the impact of these interactions on host genomic stability.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on polyomaviruses and DNA damage response pathways.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms by which polyomaviruses interact with host DNA repair proteins.
  • Examination of experimental evidence linking polyomavirus infection to genomic instability.

Main Results:

  • Polyomaviruses require host replication and DNA maintenance proteins for productive infection.
  • Key DNA damage response (DDR) kinases, ATM and ATR, are essential for polyomavirus replication.
  • Polyomavirus infection can induce DNA damage, activating DDR pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Polyomaviruses subvert the host's ATM- and ATR-mediated DNA damage response (DDR) for their own replication.
  • This interaction between polyomaviruses and DDR pathways has significant implications for host genomic stability.
  • Understanding these interactions is crucial for comprehending viral pathogenesis and host-virus dynamics.