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Updated: Apr 14, 2026

Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions
Published on: July 30, 2017
Palladium(ii) complexes with electron-poor, 4,5-disubstituted diimidazol-2-ylidene ligands: synthesis,
Piermaria Pinter1, Andrea Biffis, Cristina Tubaro
1Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy. andrea.biffis@unipd.it.
Abstract:
Diimidazolium salts featuring different bridges between the imidazolium groups, as well as electron-withdrawing groups (chloride, cyanide) at the 4- and 5-position of the heterocyclic rings, have been successfully prepared. The diimidazolium salts serve as convenient precursors of di(N-heterocyclic carbene) ligands, which coordinate in a chelating fashion to palladium(ii) centres. The effect of the newly introduced electron-withdrawing groups on the spectroscopic and structural characteristics of the resulting complexes as well as on their reactivity as catalysts in a model alkyne hydroarylation reaction has been investigated and is discussed herein.
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