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Pediatric intracranial abscesses

Christopher M Bonfield1, Julia Sharma1, Simon Dobson2

  • 1Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.

The Journal of Infection
|April 29, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Intracranial infections in children, though rare, require prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent severe outcomes. Management involves a team approach with antibiotics and surgical drainage or aspiration for effective outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Neurosurgery

Background:

  • Intracranial infections in children are uncommon but serious conditions.
  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial due to the risk of rapid deterioration.
  • These infections include epidural abscess, subdural empyema, and brain abscess.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the classification, etiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic imaging, and management of intracranial infections in children.
  • To emphasize the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in treating these severe pediatric conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on pediatric intracranial infections.
  • Discussion of diagnostic modalities, including Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI).
  • Analysis of treatment strategies, encompassing antibiotic therapy and surgical interventions.

Main Results:

  • Intracranial infections commonly result from contiguous spread, hematogenous seeding, or trauma.
  • Clinical signs include headache, fever, altered mental status, focal deficits, and seizures.
  • MRI typically shows peripherally enhancing lesions with high DWI signals.

Conclusions:

  • Successful treatment necessitates a multidisciplinary team, including antibiotics and surgical drainage.
  • Open surgical evacuation is preferred, but aspiration can be effective for deep-seated or complex cases.

Keywords:
Brain abscessEpidural abscessIntracranial abscessPediatricSubdural empyema

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