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Preliminary comparison of diffusion-weighted MRI and PET/CT in predicting histological type and malignancy of lung
Li-Peng Liu1, Xin-Xin Zhang1, Long-Biao Cui2
1Thoracic Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Introduction:
Emerging evidence shows that diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW MRI) and fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18 F-FDG PET/CT) might be useful in predicting histological type and malignancy of lung cancer, and even in specifically detecting the types of gene mutation.
Objective:
We assessed whether DW MRI is equivalent to PET/CT in lung cancer diagnosis and evaluation.
Methods:
The institutional review board approved this study, and written informed consent was obtained from all patients. DW MRI and FDG PET/CT were performed before therapy in 15 lung cancer patients diagnosed by pathological examination. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), ratio of ADC (rADC = ADC in tumor/ADC in spinal cord) and maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax ) were assessed.
Results:
ADC, rADC and SUVmax did not reveal significant differences among different types of lung cancer. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of ADC, rADC and SUVmax proved to be not significantly different in the detection of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Difference in the abilities of the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of ADC, rADC and SUVmax to detect adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma proved to be insignificant. Although Ki-67 score did not show correlation with ADC, rADC and SUVmax , significant positive correlation was found between ADC and rADC, and ADC and SUVmax .
Conclusions:
Both DW MRI and FDG PET/CT had similar limited diagnostic capability of predicting different histological types and malignancy of lung cancer. This study may help provide a novel insight into diagnostic and therapeutic strategies of lung cancer based on DW MRI.
Insights
Diffusion-weighted MRI (DW MRI) and 18F-FDG PET/CT show similar, limited ability in diagnosing lung cancer subtypes. These advanced imaging techniques offer comparable insights into lung cancer evaluation and histological typing.
Area of Science:
- Radiology
- Oncology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW MRI) and 18F-FDG PET/CT show potential in predicting lung cancer's histological type, malignancy, and gene mutations.
- Emerging evidence suggests these advanced imaging modalities may aid in characterizing lung tumors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the diagnostic equivalence of DW MRI and 18F-FDG PET/CT in lung cancer diagnosis and evaluation.
- To assess the utility of DW MRI versus PET/CT in differentiating lung cancer subtypes and malignancy.
Main Methods:
- DW MRI and 18F-FDG PET/CT were performed on 15 pathologically confirmed lung cancer patients prior to therapy.
- Key metrics assessed included apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), ratio of ADC (rADC), and maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax).
Main Results:
- ADC, rADC, and SUVmax did not significantly differ across various lung cancer histological types.
- The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of ADC, rADC, and SUVmax were comparable for detecting adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.
- While Ki-67 score showed no correlation with imaging metrics, significant positive correlations were observed between ADC and rADC, and ADC and SUVmax.
Conclusions:
- Both DW MRI and 18F-FDG PET/CT demonstrated similar, limited capabilities in predicting lung cancer histological types and malignancy.
- This study provides insights for developing novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for lung cancer utilizing DW MRI.
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