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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Economics
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Honduras' Expanded Program on Immunization faced increased resource demands with the introduction of new vaccines in 2009 and 2011.
  • Domestic funding was supplemented by external resources, notably Gavi support, to cover vaccine procurement and infrastructure investments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the origin, allocation, and utilization of resources for immunization services in Honduras during 2011.
  • To identify financing gaps within the national immunization program.

Main Methods:

  • Adapted the System of Health Accounts (2011) codes to track immunization service resources.
  • Coded financial flows by source, agent, provider, function, input, and beneficiary.
  • Calculated all costs in 2011 United States dollars.

Main Results:

  • Total financing for routine immunization in 2011 was US$49.1 million, representing 3.3% of total health spending.
  • Domestic sources accounted for 64% of financing, while external sources (primarily Gavi) provided 36%.
  • Significant financing gaps were identified for non-vaccine procurement activities, including cold chain, training, and information systems.

Conclusions:

  • Immunization funding constitutes a small portion of Honduras' total health expenditure, but new vaccines have increased requirements by over 30% since 2008.
  • Sustainability plans are being developed to address a projected financing gap as Honduras transitions from Gavi support.
  • Negotiating lower vaccine prices is crucial for the affordability of current and future immunization programs, including the planned introduction of the HPV vaccine.