Sudden hypoxemia after uneventful laparoscopic cholecystectomy: another form of SAM presentation

Perioperative dynamic left ventricular outflow obstruction associated with systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve is well recognized as a cause for unexplained sudden hypotension in perioperative settings, even without underlying heart diseases such as hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. We treated a patient who experienced sudden hypoxemia without severe hypotension during emergence from anesthesia after an uneventful laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

A 65-year-old female patient with a history of hypertension presented a sudden decrease in oxygen saturation to 80% after an uneventful cholecystectomy. Although a portable chest radiograph showed bilateral hilar pulmonary infiltrates consistent with pulmonary edema, we explored the underlying cause, i.e., systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction with bedside transthoracic echocardiography. We speculate that dynamic mitral regurgitation resulted in pulmonary edema and, thereby, hypoxemia in this case without severe hypotension.

Careful bedside examination with transthoracic echocardiography was useful in making diagnosis and in guiding appropriate therapy for this patient. Clinicians should be aware that systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve may present as unexplained sudden hypoxemia in the perioperative setting.