Communication in autism spectrum disorder: a guide for pediatric nurses

Area of Science:

• Neurodevelopmental Disorders
• Pediatric Nursing
• Communication Sciences

Background:

• Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects 1 in 68 children in the U.S.
• ASD is characterized by impairments in social interaction, communication, and behavior.
• Effective communication is crucial for nurses providing quality care to children with ASD.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the communication challenges faced by children with ASD.
• To examine theoretical frameworks explaining ASD's impact on communication.
• To identify practical strategies for improving nurse-child communication in ASD care.

Main Methods:

• Review of theoretical frameworks for ASD and communication (e.g., theory of mind, central coherence, executive function).
• Analysis of communication difficulties in children with ASD, including vocalic, kinesthetic, and proxemic aspects.
• Synthesis of literature on environmental and stylistic adaptations for effective communication.

Main Results:

• Children with ASD experience specific difficulties in vocalic, kinesthetic, and proxemic communication.
• Theoretical models provide insight into the neurological underpinnings of these communication challenges.
• Adaptations in environmental and communication styles can significantly improve interactions.

Conclusions:

• Understanding ASD-related communication barriers is essential for nurses.
• Simple, practical adaptations can enhance the effectiveness of nurse-child communication.
• Improved communication facilitates higher quality care for children with ASD.