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There are things that we know that we know, and there are things that we do not know we do not know: Confidence in
Piercesare Grimaldi1, Hakwan Lau2, Michele A Basso3
1Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Neurobiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Semel Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Abstract:
Metacognition, the ability to think about our own thoughts, is a fundamental component of our mental life and is involved in memory, learning, planning and decision-making. Here we focus on one aspect of metacognition, namely confidence in perceptual decisions. We review the literature in psychophysics, neuropsychology and neuroscience. Although still a very new field, several recent studies suggest there are specific brain circuits devoted to monitoring and reporting confidence, whereas others suggest that confidence information is encoded within decision-making circuits. We provide suggestions, based on interdisciplinary research, to disentangle these disparate results.
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