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Associations between visual perception accuracy and confidence in a dopaminergic manipulation study.

Christina Andreou1, Vasilis P Bozikas2, Thies Luedtke3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Hamburg, Germany ; 1st Department of Psychiatry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki, Greece.

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Dopamine modulation affects sensory perception and overconfidence in errors. L-dopa increased false alarms and confidence in errors, suggesting links to psychosis.

Keywords:
dopaminedrug-challengehaloperidolreasoning biasessensory perception

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Delusions involve fixed false beliefs and distorted thinking styles, particularly reasoning biases.
  • The dopamine system is implicated in psychosis, affecting both cognitive biases and sensory perception.
  • Previous research showed dopaminergic drugs modulate overconfidence in errors, a key reasoning bias.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if dopaminergic modulation similarly affects sensory perception and overconfidence in errors in healthy individuals.
  • To examine the relationship between sensory processing, overconfidence, and dopaminergic activity.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized, double-blind, cross-over study involving 34 healthy subjects.
  • Administration of l-dopa, placebo, and haloperidol.
  • Assessment of false alarm rates and hit rates in an illusory perception task, alongside confidence ratings for responses.

Main Results:

  • False alarm rates increased linearly from haloperidol to placebo to l-dopa.
  • Hit rates remained unaffected by dopaminergic manipulation.
  • Confidence in erroneous responses was significantly higher with l-dopa and correlated with false alarm rates.

Conclusions:

  • Dopaminergic modulation impacts both sensory processing (increased false alarms) and cognitive biases (increased overconfidence in errors).
  • Aberrant sensory processing and overconfidence in errors may be interconnected and linked to dopamine system abnormalities.
  • Findings suggest potential therapeutic targets for psychosis by addressing dopaminergic dysfunction.