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Related Concept Videos

Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

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Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Diamagnetism01:26

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Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets....
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Paramagnetism01:30

Paramagnetism

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Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...
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Theory of Metallic Conduction01:17

Theory of Metallic Conduction

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The conduction of free electrons inside a conductor is best described by quantum mechanics. However, a classical model makes predictions close to the results of quantum mechanics. It is called the theory of metallic conduction.
In this theory, Newton's second law of motion is used to determine the acceleration of an electron in the presence of an applied electric field. Then, its velocity is expressed via this acceleration.
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Types Of Superconductors01:28

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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability01:31

Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability

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In linear magnetic materials, like paramagnets and diamagnets, magnetization is proportional to the magnetic field intensity. The constant of proportionality, a dimensionless number, is called magnetic susceptibility. The value of the susceptibility depends on the type of material.
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Measuring Magnetically-Tuned Ferroelectric Polarization in Liquid Crystals
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Dissipationless multiferroic magnonics.

Wei Chen1,2, Manfred Sigrist2

  • 1Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.

Physical Review Letters
|May 2, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We demonstrate electrically controlled magnonics in multiferroic insulators using the magnetoelectric effect. This enables efficient electricity generation at room temperature without magnetic fields or energy loss.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Spintronics

Background:

  • Multiferroic insulators with spiral antiferromagnetic order, like BiFeO3, exhibit complex magnetic properties.
  • Controlling magnetic excitations (magnonics) typically requires external magnetic fields, limiting applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and investigate a method for electrically controlled magnonics in multiferroic insulators.
  • To explore the potential for magnetic-field-free electricity generation using magnetoelectric effects.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing the magnetoelectric effect in multiferroic insulators with coplanar antiferromagnetic spiral order.
  • Applying low-frequency oscillating electric fields to activate Goldstone modes (spin waves).

Main Results:

  • Electrically induced fast planar spin rotations were observed, largely independent of crystalline anisotropy.
  • Integration with spin ejection mechanisms facilitated room-temperature electricity delivery over magnetic domain distances.
  • The process demonstrated energy loss mitigation, free from Gilbert damping in impurity-free samples.

Conclusions:

  • The magnetoelectric effect in specific multiferroics offers a pathway to electrically tunable magnonics.
  • This approach enables efficient, magnetic-field-free energy transfer and generation at the nanoscale.
  • The findings open avenues for novel spintronic devices and energy harvesting technologies.