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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

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In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

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In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

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Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

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Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight,...
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Skin Diseases and Disorders

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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Acne Infection

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Acne is a multifactorial skin condition primarily affecting adolescents and young adults, with a global prevalence estimated to exceed 75% in this demographic. The condition is characterized by the formation of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, pustules, nodules, and, in severe cases, cysts, particularly in areas rich in sebaceous glands such as the face, neck, chest, and back. The pathogenesis involves increased sebum production, follicular hyperkeratinization, colonization by...
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Psoriasis in Children: A Review.

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Pediatric psoriasis, an immune-mediated skin disease, affects children and is linked to metabolic issues. Early intervention and integrated care are crucial for managing this chronic condition and improving quality of life.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pediatrics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory disease primarily affecting the skin.
  • It has a genetic basis and affects 0.7-1.2% of children, with onset possible at any age.
  • Pediatric psoriasis is increasingly associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of pediatric psoriasis, including its pathogenesis, comorbidities, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
  • To emphasize the need for early monitoring and lifestyle modifications in affected children.
  • To highlight the challenges in systemic treatment due to limited guidelines and data.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article.
  • It synthesizes current understanding of pediatric psoriasis.
  • Emphasis is placed on an integrated, multidisciplinary approach.

Main Results:

  • Pediatric psoriasis shares comorbidities with adult psoriasis, such as obesity and metabolic syndrome.
  • Patient and parent education is vital for disease management.
  • Limited evidence-based data and lack of standardized guidelines complicate treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric psoriasis requires early monitoring and lifestyle interventions.
  • An integrated treatment approach involving various specialists is essential.
  • Further research and standardized guidelines are needed for effective pediatric psoriasis management.