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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 13, 2026

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla

Published on: February 19, 2021

Antivirus immune activity in multiple sclerosis correlates with MRI activity.

L B Latham¹, M J Lee², J A Lincoln¹

¹Department of Neurology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica

|May 6, 2015

Summary

Immune responses to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in the blood correlate with future multiple sclerosis (MS) disease activity shown on MRI scans. This suggests a link between EBV and MS progression.

Keywords:

Epstein-Barr virus gadolinium enhancing lesions human herpesvirus 6 magnetic resonance imaging multiple sclerosis varicella zoster virus

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Last Updated: Apr 13, 2026

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Area of Science:

Neuroimmunology
Viral Immunology

Background:

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system.
The role of viral infections, particularly Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), in MS pathogenesis is under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the correlation between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation or anti-EBV immune response and MS disease activity.
To assess if immune responses to EBV predict future MS lesions on MRI.

Main Methods:

Longitudinal study of 20 early, active relapsing-remitting MS patients over 16 weeks.
Regular blood and saliva sampling for immune response assays (proliferation, ELISPOT) and viral DNA quantification (qPCR).
Serial brain MRI scans to quantify new and enhancing lesions.

Main Results:

A significant correlation was found between T-cell proliferation to autologous EBV-infected lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL) and the number of active MRI lesions 4 weeks later.
Both proliferation and interferon-γ secretion in response to LCL correlated with the number of enhancing lesions 8 weeks later.

Conclusions:

Antiviral immune responses in peripheral blood are associated with subsequent MS disease activity.
These findings suggest a potential role for EBV-specific immune responses in predicting MS relapses.