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Incidence trends for childhood type 1 diabetes in India

Kanakatte Mylariah Prasanna Kumar1

  • 1Consultant Endocrinologist, Centre for Diabetes and Endocrine Care, Bangalore Diabetes hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
|May 6, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) affects an estimated 97,700 children in India. Studies reveal T1DM is more prevalent in India than in many Asian countries, with varying rates across regions.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a significant health concern in children.
  • Estimates suggest a substantial number of children in India live with T1DM.
  • Previous studies indicated T1DM prevalence in specific Indian regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the prevalence and incidence of T1DM in children across various regions of India.
  • To compare T1DM rates in India with other Asian countries.
  • To identify regional variations in T1DM diagnosis and prevalence.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from a 1992 population-based study in South India.
  • Review of the Karnataka state T1DM registry data over 13 years.
  • Examination of prevalence data from Karnal, Haryana, distinguishing urban and rural areas.

Main Results:

  • The first South India study reported a prevalence of 0.26/1000 children, with a peak diagnosis age of 12 years.
  • Karnataka's T1DM registry showed incidence rates of 3.7-4.0/100,000 children.
  • Karnal district reported an average T1DM prevalence of 10.20/100,000, with urban areas at 26.6/100,000.

Conclusions:

  • Insulin-dependent diabetes (T1DM) is not rare in Indian children and its prevalence is higher than in many Asian nations.
  • Significant regional variations in T1DM prevalence exist within India.
  • An estimated 18,000 new cases of T1DM in children under 15 were diagnosed in 2011 in the studied regions.

Keywords:
IndiaType 1 diabetes mellitusincidence and prevalence

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