Multienzymatic synthesis of nucleic acid derivatives: a general perspective

Area of Science:

• Biocatalysis and Organic Synthesis
• Enzymatic Synthesis of Nucleic Acid Derivatives

Background:

• Biological systems utilize sequential enzymatic catalysis for high synthetic efficiency.
• Biocatalysis mimics nature's strategies using enzymes or cells for organic compound synthesis.
• Multienzymatic systems are increasingly employed for complex synthetic schemes, offering step economy and environmental benefits.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current examples of in vivo and in vitro multienzymatic systems for nucleic acid derivative synthesis.
• To highlight the advantages and disadvantages of various multienzymatic methodologies.
• To discuss the impact of -omics technologies on multienzymatic systems.

Main Methods:

• Review of in vivo and in vitro multienzymatic systems.
• Analysis of enzymatic versus traditional chemical synthesis for nucleic acid derivatives.
• Exploration of -omics contributions to biocatalysis.

Main Results:

• Enzymatic methods provide an efficient alternative to traditional chemical synthesis for nucleoside and nucleotide analogs.
• Multienzymatic systems enable one-pot reactions, reducing work-up steps and purification.
• Sustainable synthesis of nucleic acid derivatives is achieved with improved environmental profiles.

Conclusions:

• Multienzymatic systems represent a powerful and sustainable approach for synthesizing nucleic acid derivatives.
• Enzymatic strategies offer significant advantages over chemical methods in terms of efficiency and environmental impact.
• -omics advancements are poised to further enhance the development and application of multienzymatic systems.